Student with learning difficulties

    

        Learning difficulties are learning disabilities that are described by problems with the brain's ability to process information. A student who has learning difficulties has different learning methods from others, and they may find special aspects of learning. Learning difficulties are an interesting phenomenon to discuss, besides that, learning difficulties can also have a long-term impact, why? Because learning difficulties can't be cured, and have an effect that will affect the performance of the individual. This will have an impact on academics, relationships, daily look life, and the world of work. They need special attention, even though they are different from the others but they also have the right to education. They are entitled to service because educators must serve students with various abilities and disabilities (Roach, 1995). This means that every school must serve and provide equal education well.

        Several factors determine why students may have learning difficulties. Common factors that trigger it are inadequate properties, inappropriate curriculum, classroom environment, lack of chemistry between teachers and students, health problems, loss of self-confidence, below-average intelligence, sensory disturbance, and difficulty in processing certain information. In addition, other factors come from the teacher. It should be noted that teachers often blame students who have learning difficulties. Cheng (1988) and Westwood (1955) said that teachers often attribute the shortcomings of their students to the methods they currently use. It is worrying that this characteristic can weaken the psychology of students because the teacher is not aware of her involvement in this case. The teacher is the controller of learning and also controls the learning method. If the ability of students is not by the type of learning, learning difficulties can arise.

        In discussing teaching techniques, there are leading theories on this subject, namely, the behavioral perspective method, which is explained that teachers must be more active in the learning process. Thus, teachers are given the task of improving student learning, including those with learning difficulties (Casey, 1944) and Farrell (1977) states that many say this method only focuses on what is considered symptoms of learning difficulties but ignores the underlying causes of these problems that can arise. In addition, there is a cognitive method, this method is more inclined to the role of the learner as the listener in the classroom. With this method, students are expected to be more active when learning takes place. This method requires the student to work in groups rather than individually and focuses on problem-solving methods and improving skills. Conway (1977) said that this method can help students to save memory and implement the information they get in the future.

        Difficulties in learning can arise verbally or nonverbally. Verbal learning difficulties affect students' ability to read, write or process words orally in writing. Meanwhile, nonverbal learning difficulties affect students in processing information visually and also have difficulty understanding abstract concepts, for example, fractions. There are various kinds of learning difficulties, namely: 

1. Dyslexia: Inability to write, spell, read, speak and remember.
2. Dysgraphia: Inability to write(unclear spaces), compose, and take special notes, and can't think and write at the same time.
3. Dyscalculia: Inability to understand numbers, memorize numbers, and count.
4. Auditory processing disorder: Inability to recognize the difference in sounds, the origin of sounds, and the sequence of sounds.
5. Visual perceptual/visual motor deficit: difficulty in drawing, copying, and synchronizing between eyes and hands.

        The purpose of this essay is to identify an effective approach method for students who have learning difficulties. This essay also explains that there is no single effective strategy to overcome learning problems. There needs to be a complex strategy to solve the problem that occurs in learning. Even though they have implemented complex strategies, there is no promise that every student can meet literacy standards. Moreover, it also requires special attention from various aspects to respond to those who are less educated. They need special attention and support as well as mental health training that is expected to make them more confident and motivated to achieve their success.

References :

Ellis, L. A. (2005). Balancing Approaches: Revisiting the educagood therapyhology research on teaching students with learning difficulties. Australia: ACER Press.

Gaad, E., & Mishal, A. (2013). Inclusion Of Student With Special. The Clute Institute, 9 (4), 287.

Learning Difficulties. (2019, 09 09). Retrieved 06 11, 2022, from good therapy: https://www.goodtherapy.org/learn-about-therapy/issues/learning-difficulties

Westwood, P. (2004). Learning And Learning Difficulties: A Handbook for Teacher. Australia: ACER Press.